FACE 2.
This time we have a centre hole from which 3 incised concentric rings emanate out, each bearing codes.
Brian Campbell did cross measures of this hole with vernier callipers to be 12.29 mm East-West and 12.23 mm North-South. Again, using his measurements as the guide, the photo was taken into AutoCAD and scaled to the dimensions he gave.
The East-West diameter of 12.29 mm converts to .48385827". The intended code was .486" and the shortfall is about 1/500th of an inch, well beyond visual detection by the human eye.
A mathematical progression using .486" generates very important navigational, lunar nutation cycle and lunisolar Sabbatical calendar numbers:
.486, .972, 1.458, 1.944, 2.43, 2.916, 3.402, 3.888, 4.374, 4.86, 5.346, 5.832, 6.318, 6.804, 7.29, 7.776, 8.262, 8.748, 9.234, 9.72, 10.206, 10.692, 11.178, 11.664, 12.15, 12.636, 13.122, 13.608, etc. The progression advances to produce the number 130636800' for the equatorial circumference, or 26880 Roman miles of 4860' each.
With the circumference of the Earth anciently set at 12 X 12 X 12 X 12 X 1.2-miles = 24883.2, one could then divide it down by 1/2, 1/4, 1/8th, 1/16th, 1/32nd, 1/64th, 128th, 1/256th, and 1/512nd.
Of this 48.6-miles would be 1/512nd, 97.2-miles would be 1/ 256th, 194.4-miles would be 1/128th, etc. The mathematical progression goes on to generate 3110.4 (1/8th of 24883.2) or 12441.6 (1/2 of 24883.2) etc.
The mile adopted by the late era Romans was 5000 Roman feet of 11.664-inches or 4860 British standard feet. The Roman "Pace" was 58.32" or 4.86 English feet. This measurement was also 8 X 7.29".
Alternatively, the mathematical string generates important lunar cycle numbers like 6804 (the number of days used to describe the duration of the Lunar Nutation cycle to within about 5.6-days of accuracy. The actual, literal duration is 6798.36-days, but that value is not factorable and able to be broken down to mere seconds of time. The druids or their forebears always used very close proximity, factorable numbers to describe the cycles. There would be 486 bi-weeks (14-days) in the 6804-day duration of the lunar nutation cycle.
It's worthy to note that the druidic Calendar of Coligny bronze plaque artefact (a lunisolar calendar) measured 4.86' in length (or 1 so-called Roman pace of 58.32").
THE NORTH-SOUTH MEASUREMENT
Brian Campbell's North-South measurement was 12.23 mm, which converts to .48149606". The intended diameter was .48". The over-reach was only about 1/700th of an inch and visually beyond the ability of the eye to detect.
A mathematical progression based upon .48" generates the following string:
.48, .96, 1.44, 1.92, 2.4, 2.88, 3.36, 3.84, 4.32, 4.8, 5.28, 5.76, 6.24, 6.72, 7.2, 7.68, 81.6, 8.64, 9.12, 9.6, 10.08, 10.56, 11.04, 11.52, 12, 12.48, 12.96, 13.44, 13.92, 14.4, 14.88, 15.36, 15.84, 16.32, 16.8, etc.
These 3, 6 or 12-based values were used copiously in ancient navigational calculations. For example, the Great Pyramid is 432 Celtic/Hebrew Royal cubits of 21" in length, an Egyptian pyramid acre can be calculated to have been 28800 square feet, based upon information gleaned by Herodotus from Egyptian priests. There are 5280' in the English mile. Under the navigational system encoded into the Great Pyramid's length, the sum of 100.8' is 1-second of equatorial arc and this is the inside cross-measure diameter of the Sarsen Circle at Stonehenge.
The progression advances to finally generate 130636800', the value used to describe the equatorial circumference of the Earth under the 12 X 12 X 12 X 12 X 1.2 miles of 5250' each.
Although the Great Pyramid was built as a truncated pyramid with a flat top altar set at 453.6' of vertical height, lines running up each face (@ 51.84-degrees) would have converged and met at 480' (to within about 5").
DISTANCE TO THE INNER RIM OF THE FIRST OUTWARDS CONCENTRIC RING
The second face of the dodecahedron has 3 concentric rings fanning out from the centre hole. It can be safely assumed that each edge or centre trough is coded to provide a diameter based upon a purpose-included mathematical progression.
A cross measure of the outer perimeter rim of the hole rim codes .54" East-West and .55" North-South.
The .54" (27/50ths) progression would go:
.54, 1.08, 1.62, 2.16, 2.7, 3.24, 3.78, 4.32, 4.86, 5.4, 5.94, 6.48, 7.02, 7.56, 8.1, 8.64, etc. The progression advances to generate 972, 1134, 1296, 25920 and ultimately 130636800' or the full equatorial size of the Earth based upon 12 X 12 X 12 X 12 X 1.2 Greek miles of 5250' each (24883.2-miles).
In the above lineup, the value 2160 (years) represents the time the sun spends in each house of the zodiac during the cycle of the Precession of the Equinoxes. Also 2160 cubic inches was the volume of an ancient English bushel. The length of 378' is the half length of the Great Pyramid, whereas 756' is the full design length. Also 97.2-miles would be 1/256th part of the equatorial circumference of the Earth and 12960-years would be half the 25920-year duration of the Precession of the Equinoxes.
The .55" (11/20ths) progression goes:
.55, 1.1, 1.65, 2.2, 2.75, 3.3, 3.85, 4.4, 4.95, 5.5, 6.05, 6.6, 7.15, 7.7, 8.25, 8.8, etc. The progression goes on to generate 5280, 16500 and ultimately 130680000', (24750 X 5280'), the equatorial circumference of the Earth navigational system that used a mile of 5280'.
In the above lineup of numbers, 5.5' was the original fathom of antiquity (still used in the merchant navy into the 20th century), 16.5' (3 fathoms) was the rod or perch, 66 feet was the chain, 660' was the furlong or furrowlong, 5280' was the mile and 16500' (3.125-miles) was the league. Under this system, an acre was 1 furlong X 1 chain (660' X 66') or 43560 square feet.
DISTANCE TO THE CENTRE TROUGH OF THE FIRST 1ST OUTWARDS RING
The first outer incised trough was .576" (72/125ths) in diameter, evenly all round and the progression generated by this is:
.576, 1.152, 1.728, 2.304, 2.88, 3.456, 4.032, 4.608, 5.184, 5.76, 6.336, 6.912, 7.448, 8.064, 8.64, 9.216, etc. Each of these values are fractions of the 24883.2-mile equatorial circumference.
For example, the sum of 11.52-miles would be 1/2160th of the circumference or 10-minutes of arc. The sum of 345.6-miles would be 1/72nd or 5-degrees or arc. The sum of 51.84-miles would be 1/480th or 45-minutes of arc. The value 69.12-miles would be 1/360th or 1-degree of arc, etc.
DISTANCE TO THE OUTER EDGE OF THE FIRST RING
This distance is .618034" East-West and .6075 North-South.
This cross measure of .618034" is based upon the PHI reciprocal (1" ÷ 1.6180339 = .618034"). Knowledge of the PHI reciprocal allowed ancient mathematicians to "square the circle", which further allowed them to fabricate perfectly coded, round capacity tubs for dispensing dry goods like grain in the marketplaces. With the measures being perfect, the public peace could prevail and the marketplace judge could easily check any merchant's tub to ensure that there were no "short measures" being meted out.
For example: The ancient English Bushel was, without doubt, 2160 cubic inches or 1/10th of a Babylonian/Sumerian Homer of 21600 cubic inches. All ancient volume measures of the great civilisations had to encode scientific numbers in their cubic capacities, such that the numbers could never be lost due to widespread daily use. The same held true in the grain-weights standards, wherein the count of seeds of wheat from a healthy crop, that went on to formulate a weight standard for the nation, had to encode such things as the lunar cycle numbers, duration of the Precession of the Equinoxes, the magnitude of the Earth or its divisions, etc.
The original English bushel @ 2160 cubic inches encoded the time the sun spends in each of the Houses of the Zodiac during the 25920-year duration of Precession.
But, due to the predations of conquerors like the despotic Roman armies or more especially their intolerant state religion arriving on the scene centuries later, the carefully preserved numbers of the druids and their forebears were partially lost and only vestiges of them survived until modern times. One such casualty was the English bushel, which drifted into error ever so slightly due to a lack of vigilance on the part of assayers and the rounding of numbers.
By the mediaeval period, under the old English Winchester Standard, a bushel capacity was described as, "any round measure with a plain and even bottom, being 18.5 inches wide throughout and 8 inches deep". This produces a bushel of 2150.42 cubic inches, which was later adopted by the the Americans and represents the American bushel to this day.
But the actual, original diameter measurement to create the round base for a bushel tub was 18.54102 inches, or 3 X 6.18034" (based upon 10" ÷ 1.6180339). Therefore the final capacity is: 6.18034 X 3 = 18.54102 inches ÷ 2 = 9.27051 (squared) = 85.94235566 X PI = 270 square inches (for the round base) X 8" of side height = 2160 cubic inches.
Here are further examples from the volume standards of other civilisations:
Although the cousin nations made their measures either the same or in easily calculable ratios to their trading neighbors, they also required precise formulas for fashioning very individual circular jar or tub vessels for their own coded volumes of preference. It would appear, very strongly, that the 6.18034 inch increment was used universally to calculate the bases for all "official standard" measuring tubs or vessels used by the great civilisations of the ancient Mediterranean Basin. For example:
Any precise volume standard used by the cousin nations could be fashioned with tremendous precision as a circular vessel when the base diameter was in allotments of 6.18034 inches. The vessels could be more squat than tall or vice-versa... it didn't matter, as long as the base retained the 6.18034 inch progression in it's diameter. The same formula, in lesser ratio, could be used to fabricate tumblers, jars or everything down to small cups for use by wine, beer or mead vendors within commercial premises.
The North-South aspect of this slightly elliptical ring is .6075" (243/400ths) and generates the following progression:
.6075, 1.215, 1.8225, 2.43, 3.0375, 3.645, 4.2525, 4.86, 5.4675, 6.075, 6.6825, 7.29, etc. The progression goes on to generate 850.5, 972, 1701, 3402, 6804 and ultimately 130636800', the equatorial circumference of the Earth under the 5250' mile system of navigation.
The progression is essentially a lunar one, generating numbers important to the 6804-day lunar nutation cycle, simultaneously to divisions of the Earth.
DISTANCE TO THE INNER EDGE OF THE 2ND OUWARDS RING
The East-West diameter is .96" (24/25ths) and the North-South diameter is .945". The .96" progression runs:
.96, 1.92, 2.88, 3.84, 4.8, 5.76, 6.72, 7.68, 8.64, 9.6, 10.56, 11.52, 12.48, 13.44, 14.4, 15.36, 16.32, 17.28, 18.24, 19.2, 20.16, 21.12, 23.04, 24, etc. The progression continues to generate a whole raft of navigational, Precessional, etc., values. The ancient Irish mile was 6720', the sum of 2016' was 20 seconds of equatorial arc or 1/3rd of 1-minute of arc, etc.
The progression advances to finally generate the value 130636800' (the equatorial circumference of the Earth under the 5250' mile system).
The .945" (189/200ths) progression runs:
.945, 1.89, 2.835, 3.78, 4.725, 5.67, 6.615, 7.56, 8.505, 9.45, 10.395, 11.34, etc. The progression goes on to produce lunar and navigational numbers, all the way up to the equatorial circumference value @130636800'.
In the above line-up, 189' is the 1/4 length of the Great Pyramid, 378' the 1/2 length and 756' the full length. The sum of 850.5-days was the ancient calculation value for 1/8th of the lunar nutation cycle and 11.34" was 1/800th of the length of the Great Pyramid.
DISTANCE TO THE CENTRE TROUGH OF THE SECOND OUTWARDS RING
The East-West diameter is .984375" (63/64ths) and the North-South diameter is .99".
The number .984375 was a very important half-value in ancient gold assaying. A progression stemming from this goes:
.984375, 1.96875, 2.953125, 3.9375, 4.921875, 5.90625, 6.890625, 7.875, 8.859375, 9.84375, 10.828125, 11.8125, etc. The progression goes on to produce 15.75, 29.53125 and ultimately 196.875.
The progression advances to finally generate the value 130636800' (the equatorial circumference of the Earth under the 5250' mile system).
This is essentially a lunar progression leading to 29.53125 (days) for the lunar month. However the value of 196.875-grains became the Egyptian Beqa Standard for gold weight. This standard was later adopted by both the Greeks and Romans.
Left: The 8 stone weights shown are "Beqa weights", which were formerly used in the Nubian gold fields and inscribed with the "Nub" sign (the hieroglyph for gold). Right: These Egyptian "Beqa" weights are all marked to indicate that they were used for weighing quantities of gold dust, as each bears the "gold" insignia. This, seemingly, complete set was found at Khartoum.
The Egyptian Talent was 393750 grains and their Beqa Shekel was 196.875 grains. The Greek Attic Talent was 393750 grains also.
The Greek Commercial Mina was 9843.75 grains and their Didrachma or Tridrachm for gold dust were 196.875 grains. A yet smaller weight Drachma was 98.4375 grains (98 & 7/16ths).
By consequence, the Roman Uncia was 393.75 grains or 2 Egyptian Beqa @ 196.875 grains. They also had a Semuncia of 196.875 grains.
As stated, the fledgling Greek & Roman civilisations simply adopted standards from far older civilisations whose weights, measures and volumes had to contain highly significant, scientific numbers that encoded the lunar cycle, Precession of the equinoxes, navigational and lunisolar calendar numbers.
The North-South diameter of this elliptical circle trough is .99" (99/100ths) and this generates the following progression:
.99, 1.98, 2.97, 3.96, 4.95, 5.94, 6.93, 7.92, 8.91, 9.9, 10.89, 11.88, 12.87, 13.86, 14.85, 15.84, 16.83, 17.82, 18.81, 19.8, etc. The progression goes on to produce 24.75, 29.7, 59.4, etc. Again, this all relates to navigating by the ancient Scottish mile of 5940' or the English mile of 5280'.
The progression advances to finally generate the value 130680000' (the equatorial circumference of the Earth under the 5280' mile system).
DISTANCE TO THE OUTER RIM EDGE OF THE SECOND RING
In an East -West measurement the diameter code is 1.024" (125/128ths), whereas the North-South measurement is 1.0368".
The 1.024 progression goes:
1.024, 2.048, 3.072, 4.096, 5.12, 6.144, 7.168, 8.192, 9.216, etc. The progression goes on to generate 1536, 2560 and ultimately to 130636800' for a full equatorial circumference of 24883.2 Greek miles.
The 1.0368" progression runs:
1.0368, 2.0736, 3.1104, 4.1472, 5.184, 6.2208, 7.2576, 8.2944, 9.3312, 10.368, 11.4048, 12.4416, etc. The progression advances to produce 24883.2 which, in miles was the 12 X 12 X 12 X 12 X 1.2 equatorial circumference of the Earth.
In the above line-up, the value 1036.8 (1/24th of 24883.2) tells us how fast the Earth rotates in miles per hour (MPH). The largest Egyptian Royal cubit was 20.736", the sum of 3110.4-miles would be 1/8th of the equatorial circumference, whereas 12441.6-miles would be 1/2. The value 933120 grains was very important to the Sumerians/Babylonians, as their Talent weight.
The progression advances to finally generate the value 130636800' (the equatorial circumference of the Earth under the 5250' mile system).
DISTANCE TO THE INNER RIM EDGE OF THE THIRD RING
This East-West cross measure is 1.08" and a mathematical progression of this value produces the following numbers:
1.08, 2.16, 3.24, 4.32, 5.4, 6.48, 7.56, 8.64, 9.72, 10.8, 11.88, 12.96, 14.04, 15.12, 16.2, 17.28, 18.36, 19.44, 20.52, 21.6, 22.68, 23.76, 24.84, 25.92, 30.24, etc.
This progression relates to both navigation and the Precession of the Equinoxes. The sun spends 2160-years in each of the Houses of the Zodiac during the 25920-year (72 X 360) cycle of Precession. This means we have to change our calendar date for the equinox event 1-day every 72-years to keep in line with the actual vernal equinox.
The ancient Sumerian/Babylonian Homer volume was 21600 cubic inches, the old English bushel was 1/10th of that @ 2160 cubic inches, the diameter of the moon is 2160 English miles, whereas the diameter of the sun is essentially 864,000-miles.
In our ages-old Sumerian compass system there are 60-seconds, 60-minutes & 360-degrees, totaling 1296000-seconds of arc. The sum of 12960-years would be the half cycle of the Precession of the Equinoxes. A cubic foot is 12 X 12 X 12 cubic inches or 1728" cu. Values like 756, 1512, 2268 and 3024 describe 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 or a full circumnavigation of the Great Pyramid's base.
The progression advances to finally generate the value 130636800' (the equatorial circumference of the Earth under the 5250' mile system).
The North-South measurement produced 1.056" and the progression that stems from this goes:
1.056, 2.112, 3.168, 4.224, 5.28, 6.336, 7.392, 8.448, 9.504, 10.56, 11.616, 12.672, 13.728, 14.784, 15.84, etc. The progression would generate a raft of important values like 2640, 6336, 7920, etc., all the way to the equatorial circumference of the Earth in feet. The sum of 1056' would be 1/5th of a mile and 1584-miles would be 1/5th of the Earth's diameter (7920-miles).
The progression advances to finally generate the value 130680000' (the equatorial circumference of the Earth under the 5280' mile system).
DISTANCE TO THE CENTRE TROUGH OF THE THIRD RING
The somewhat irregular third ring is 1.1". This sets up a mathematical progression for navigation by the English mile and league:
1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5, etc, leading on to such values as 13.2, 16.5, 17.6, 26.4, 29.7, 35.2, 52.8, 59.4, 70.4, 79.2, 82.5, 165, etc.
The sum of 1320' is a 1/4 of a mile, 1760' is 1/3rd of a mile, 2640' is 1/2 a mile, 5280' an English mile, 2970' is 1/2 an ancient Scottish mile and 5940' a full Scottish mile. The sum of 7920 English miles was the calculated diameter of the Earth and this value X 3.125 (an ancient approximation on PI for this number family) = 24750 English miles for the Equatorial circumference. Similarly, the 5280' mile X 3.125 = 1 ancient English league of 16500'. In other words, there were 7920 leagues in the equatorial circumference, or 22000 Scottish miles.
The progression advances to finally generate the value 130680000' (the equatorial circumference of the Earth under the 5280' mile system).
DISTANCE TO THE OUTER RIM OF THE THIRD RING
The East-West diameter is 1.12" and relates to traditional values, at various epochs, for creating systems of weights. The progression also relates to navigation and the equatorial circumference of the Earth. This progression goes:
1.12, 2.24, 3.36, 4.48, 5.6, 6.72, 7.84, 8.96, 10.08, 11.2, 12.32, 13.44, 14.56, 15.68, 16.8, 17.92, 19.04, 20.16, etc. The progression goes on to generate numbers like 22.68, 28 or 30.24.
Based upon older precedents, the English ton was 2240 pounds (lbs) or 20 hundredweight (cwt) of 112 lbs each. In the English pound weight there are 16 ounces of 437.5 grains each or 7000 grains total. In the English stone weight there are 224 ounces. The value 100.8' would be 1-second of equatorial arc, whereas 2016' would be 1/3rd of 1-minute of arc and 3024' 1/2 a minute of arc under the Great Pyramid base perimeter system.
The progression advances to finally generate the value 130636800' (the equatorial circumference of the Earth under the 5250' mile system). The 130636800' circumference ÷ 112 = 1166400 (Note: the Roman foot was 11.664").
The North-South diameter is 1.134" and the progression generated by this is:
1.134, 2.268, 3.402, 4.536, 5.67, 6.804, 7.938, 9.072, 10.206, 11.34, 12.474, 13.608, etc. The progression carries on to produce 1701, 3402, 6804 and ultimately 130636800' for the equatorial size of the Earth. Herodotus, the Greek historian was told by Egyptian priests that the Great Pyramid was 800-feet long. This would mean a foot of 11.34", one of many types in use for doing various kinds of calculations. Three side measures of the Great Pyramid @ 756' (of 12") per side = 2268' or 1134' X 2).
The values 1701, 3402 & 6804 are simply 1/4th, 1/2 and the full duration of the lunar nutation cycle in days. The value 453.6' is the vertical height of the Great Pyramid to the top of it's flat altar floor (built as a truncated pyramid).
Here are the dual-coded (North-South & East-West) elliptical circles, as well as some perfect circles, that show how well the centre hole and fanning-outwards concentric circles comply to the analysis for this face. The photo was taken into AutoCAD, scaled to Brian Campbell's measurements, then carefully measured. Each red circle generates, by its diameter, the progressions listed above. The druidic fabricators have added in some meandering features, especially on the outer rim of the last concentric circle, but the red circles shown best represent the code-bearing intention of each feature.